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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 24-33.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00092

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巴丹吉林沙漠及其外围地表沉积物粒度分异与沉积环境

刘军1,2(), 王海兵1,2,3(), 左合君1,2,3, 杨皓钦1, 廖承贤1   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学,沙漠治理学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010011
    2.内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010011
    3.内蒙古农业大学,旱区水工程生态环境全国重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010011
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-22 修回日期:2025-06-13 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 王海兵
  • 作者简介:刘军(1984—),男,内蒙古包头人,博士研究生,高级实验师,主要从事荒漠化防治研究。E-mail: 314026272@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42261002);国家自然科学基金项目(41861001);内蒙古农业大学实验教学仪器设备研制与标本制作项目(YZ2024013)

Surface sediment grain size differentiation and depositional environment in Badain Jaran Desert and its peripheral areas

Jun Liu1,2(), Haibing Wang1,2,3(), Hejun Zuo1,2,3, Haoqin Yang1, Chengxian Liao1   

  1. 1.College of Desert Control Science and Engineering /, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China
    2.Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Aeolian Sand Physics and Sand Control Engineering /, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China
  • Received:2025-04-22 Revised:2025-06-13 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Haibing Wang

摘要:

系统阐明沙漠及其外围地貌单元地表动力分异机制,可以为干旱区风沙灾害分区防控及生态恢复提供理论依据。以巴丹吉林沙漠及其外围地貌为对象,采集418组表层沉积物样品,结合粒度参数分析、方差统计及概率累积曲线解析,从区域系统视角揭示了多地貌地表沉积物的粒度分异规律及其沉积动力机制。结果表明:(1)外围戈壁系统呈三峰分布模式,砾石含量从粗砾质戈壁(36.29%)向极细砾质戈壁(1.82%)显著降低,细沙比例增加(21.14%→43.13%),反映了从冲洪积主导到风蚀改造的协同演化过程;(2)沙漠腹地沙丘链以单峰分布为主,分选性(0.56~0.62 Φ)显著优于外围地貌,复合型巨型沙丘链跃移组分粒径跨度较新月形沙丘缩小28.31%,表明沙丘形态复杂性通过重组局地风场强化风力分选;(3)沉积环境从戈壁-干河床的洪积-风蚀交互作用,过渡为沙丘的纯风积过程,灌丛沙堆与极细砾质戈壁则为风水交互界面。

关键词: 风-水交互作用, 粒度分异, 地貌演化, 巴丹吉林沙漠

Abstract:

In order to reveal the grain size differentiation patterns and sedimentary dynamic mechanisms of multi-landform surface sediments from multi-landform perspective in Badain Jaran Desert and its peripheral areas. Total of 418 surface sediment samples were collected in Badain Jaran Desert and its peripheral areas with different landforms and granular size parameters, variance statistics, and probabilistic cumulative curve were integrated to perform analysis. The results showed that: (1) The peripheral gobi desert exhibited a trimodal distribution pattern with gravel content decreased significantly from coarse gobi (36.29%) to extremely fine Gobi (1.82%) accompanied by an increase in fine sand proportion (21.14%→43.13%) which reflected a synergistic evolutionary process transitioning from fluvial-dominated alluviation to aeolian erosion. (2)Sediments size from dune chains in the desert hinterland predominantly displayed unimodal distribution with significantly better sorting characteristics (0.56-0.62 Φ) compared to peripheral landforms. The range of grain size differentiation from saltation component in compound mega-dune chains was 28.31% smaller than that of barchan dunes which indicated that dune morphological complexity enhanced sediment grain size sorting through micro-wind field. (3) Sedimentary environments were considered as transition from gobi, fluvial in dry riverbed, aeolian erosion to pure eolian processes in dune fields. Sand mound around shrubs and extremely fine gobi represent wind-water interaction interfaces. The results of this study systematically elucidated the surface sediment grain size differentiation and sedimentary dynamic mechanisms among desert and peripheral landform units and will provide a theoretical basis for zonal prevention of aeolian disasters and ecological restoration in arid regions.

Key words: fluvial-aeolian interactions, grain size differentiation, geomorphic evolution, Badain Jaran Desert

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